True cost accounting of food

True cost accounting (TCA) of food is a comprehensive and innovative methodology designed to go beyond the conventional price tag of agricultural products.

TCA considers factors such as environmental degradation, public health implications, and social equity, offering a holistic perspective that enables policymakers and consumers to make more informed decisions. This approach serves as a powerful tool in shaping practical policy solutions, fostering transparency, and promoting a food system that values long-term sustainability over short-term economic gains.

Unveiling the Hidden Capitals of Cow-Calf Operations in Rangelands of the West: A TCA TEEBAgrifood Application

Beef livestock ranching is an important agricultural activity rooted in the history of the American West. Despite the long history and culture surrounding cattle and ranching in the West, recent times have left many cattle ranchers feeling under attack as media attention has highlighted potential environmental impacts of cows and health concerns around red meat. As these generalizations influence consumer perceptions around beef consumption, there is a need to employ a more robust understanding of beef livestock production as a complex socio-ecological system. 

The Swette Center and Colorado State University collaborated on a pilot study to assess ranching in Arizona and Colorado using the TCA approach. Our results document the complexity of analyzing ranching in the West and provide monetary estimates that capture key benefits and costs in cattle production.

Milk and plant-based alternatives TCA research

Plant-based alternatives (PBAs) to dairy milk — such as almond, oat, and soy — have seen substantial growth in recent decades. Many consumers choose these beverages believing they are better for the environment and for personal health. However, the scientific evidence to support these assumptions is limited.

In an effort to address this gap, the Swette Center is conducting a TCA analysis to holistically compare several PBAs and dairy milk. This approach goes beyond retail prices to factor in environmental impacts, health outcomes, and social implications. By capturing hidden costs and benefits, the study aims to reveal the true cost of these beverages and support more informed and transparent decision-making.

Comparing the true cost of edible oils

Edible oils like canola, palm, and coconut are widely used across the food industry, but their production and use carry a range of impacts on human health, environmental sustainability, and social well-being. Some oils are more nutritious than others. Some require more land, water, or energy to produce. And some are tied to broader concerns, from deforestation to labor practices.

To better understand these trade-offs, the Swette Center is collaborating with the Global KAITEKI Center (a partnership between ASU and the KAITEKI Institute of Mitsubishi Chemical Group Corporation) on a true cost accounting study to compare canola, palm, and coconut oils. Our aim with this project is to provide evidence about the oils that lead to healthier diets and more sustainable choices.