{"id":26,"date":"2023-07-06T22:42:21","date_gmt":"2023-07-06T22:42:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/?page_id=26"},"modified":"2025-05-22T19:47:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-22T19:47:52","slug":"home","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/","title":{"rendered":"Home"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"unityblocks-hero\" class=\"wp-block-unityblocks-hero hide-content\" data-herotype=\"heading-hero\" data-image=\"{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-hero.jpg&quot;,&quot;altText&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cssClass&quot;:[],&quot;size&quot;:&quot;medium&quot;}\" data-subtitle=\"{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Julie Ann Wrigley Global Futures Laboratory\u00ae&quot;,&quot;highlightColor&quot;:&quot;white&quot;,&quot;maxWidth&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cssClass&quot;:[]}\" data-title=\"{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Information Competition Lab&quot;,&quot;highlightColor&quot;:&quot;black&quot;,&quot;maxWidth&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cssClass&quot;:[]}\" data-contents=\"[{&quot;text&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;maxWidth&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;cssClass&quot;:[],&quot;highlightColor&quot;:&quot;white&quot;}]\" data-contentscolor=\"white\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-container container mb-0 my-6 my-xl-10\">\n\t\n<div class=\"uds-image-overlap content-left \"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"img-fluid uds_image_overlap_image_size_100 ml-auto\" src=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-teaching-image_simeone.jpg\" alt=\"A person is giving speech for a class while standing in front of the whiteboard\" \/><div class=\"content-wrapper\"><div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"highlight-gold\">How information is spread in our society<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">both through human communications and through the complex interactions of intelligent systems<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>We use the concept of \u201cinformation competition\u201d to understand how information propagates in the context of various events, social pressures and technology designs. This perspective helps us understand communications and artificial intelligence (AI) systems as participants in a complex adaptive system of technologies and societies.<\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"uds-section media-file inner-bg-none \" style=\"background: url(https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/icl-home-interest-areas.jpg) top center \/ cover no-repeat;\" ><div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-container container mb-0\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading text-white mb-6\">Areas of study for the Information Competition lab<\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-sitemap fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Dynamics of information environments<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-server fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Epistemology and data\/technological literacy<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-database fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Ephemerality and durability of information<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-robot fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Systemic effects of intelligent systems\/AI<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-user-slash fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Dis\/misinformation<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-4 mb-6\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-laptop fa-2x\" style=\"color: #ffc627;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"h5 text-white mt-2\"><strong>Online social movements<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-container container mb-0 my-6 my-xl-10\">\n\t\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-7\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-11\">\n\t\t\t\n<div class=\" has-text-align-left\"><i class=\"fas fa-bullhorn fa-3x\" style=\"color: #000000;\"><\/i><\/div>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading mt-4\"><span class=\"highlight-gold\"><strong>Information competition has many real-world applications<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"mt-1\">Such as studying misinformation, analyzing mass communications and understanding online social movements. By studying how information competes for niches \u2013 that is, for human attention or inclusion into AI models \u2013 researchers can gain a better understanding of how social, cultural and technological change takes place. They can also use this knowledge to create better systems that can influence and use these processes in a positive way. The ICL uses large amounts of data and computational techniques to understand how information spreads, survives and thrives, and what factors contribute to its success or failure.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<section class=\"uds-section media-file inner-bg-none \" style=\"background: url(https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-image-overlap.jpg) center \/ cover repeat;\" ><div class=\"acf-innerblocks-container\">\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-container container mb-0\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\"><div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-row row\">\n\t\n\n<div class=\"col-12 col-md-8\">\n\t\t\t\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group bg-white p-3 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p class=\"h5 mt-0\"><strong>Informing AI Design<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>One area where the concept of information competition is particularly relevant is the development and implementation of AI systems. As AI pushes to become more integrated into our daily lives, it will need to compete for attention, data and resources just like any other piece of information or technology. By applying the principles of information competition to AI, researchers can better understand how these systems will interact with human societies, cultures and technologies. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Overall, the study of information competition provides a useful framework for understanding the complex interactions between information, technology and culture. As AI continues to evolve and shape our world, this framework will become increasingly important for ensuring that these systems are developed and used in ways that benefit society as a whole.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\t<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/section>\n\n<div class=\"wp-bootstrap-blocks-container container mb-0 my-6 my-xl-10\">\n\t\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span class=\"highlight-gold\">Example projects<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n<div id=\"gutenslider-dfw702xqp\" class=\"wp-block-eedee-block-gutenslider gs-frontend content-change alignnone adaptive-height arrow-style-1 arrow-position-sides arrow-mb-none arrows-lg arrows-md arrows-sm dot-style-1 dots-lg dots-md dots-sm dot-position-bottom is-position-center-center mb-none wrap-auto-height\" data-parallax-direction=\"down\" data-parallax-amount=\"1.3\" data-lg-transition=\"lg-slide\" data-hash=\"\" ><div class=\"eedee-swiper-outer\" style=\"--gutenslider-min-height: 50vh;--gutenslider-arrow-size: 29px;--gutenslider-dot-size: 25px;--gutenslider-arrow-color: #000000;--gutenslider-dot-color: #000000;--gutenslider-padding-y-mobile: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-x-mobile: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-y-tablet: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-x-tablet: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-y-desktop: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-x-desktop: 40px;--gutenslider-bg-image: url();--gutenslider-min-height-md: 50vh;--gutenslider-min-height-sm: 50vh;--gutenslider-padding-x: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-x-md: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-x-sm: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-y: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-y-md: 40px;--gutenslider-padding-y-sm: 20px;--gutenslider-arrow-size-md: 29px;--gutenslider-arrow-size-sm: 29px;--gutenslider-dot-size-md: 25px;--gutenslider-dot-size-sm: 25px;--gutenslider-arrow-bg-color: transparent;--gutenslider-arrow-hover-color: #000000bb;--gutenslider-arrow-bg-hover-color: transparent;--gutenslider-arrow-x-offset: 10px;--gutenslider-arrow-x-offset-md: 10px;--gutenslider-arrow-x-offset-sm: 10px;--gutenslider-arrow-y-offset: 0px;--gutenslider-arrow-y-offset-md: 0px;--gutenslider-arrow-y-offset-sm: 0px;--gutenslider-arrow-x-spacing: 0px;--gutenslider-dot-y-offset: -18px;--gutenslider-dot-y-offset-md: -18px;--gutenslider-dot-y-offset-sm: -18px;--gutenslider-margin-x: 0px;--gutenslider-margin-x-md: 0px;--gutenslider-margin-x-sm: 0px;--gutenslider-margin-y: 0px;--gutenslider-margin-y-md: 0px;--gutenslider-margin-y-sm: 0px;--gutenslider-divider-top: 60px;--gutenslider-divider-bottom: 60px;--gutenslider-lightgallery-bg: #ffffff;--gutenslider-lightgallery-font: #000000;--gs-first-pos: 50% 50%;--gs-gap-vertical: var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );--gs-gap-horizontal: var( --wp--style--gallery-gap-default, var( --gallery-block--gutter-size, var( --wp--style--block-gap, 0.5em ) ) );\"><div class=\"gutenslider-divider-top\" style=\"color:#fff;\"><\/div><div class=\"swiper\" data-settings='{\"autoplay\":false,\"speed\":700,\"direction\":\"horizontal\",\"autoHeight\":\"\",\"loop\":true,\"centeredSlides\":true,\"spaceBetween\":0,\"slidesPerView\":1,\"slidesPerGroup\":1,\"effect\":\"slide\",\"coverflowEffect\":{\"rotate\":30,\"slideShadows\":false,\"depth\":100,\"stretch\":50,\"modifier\":1},\"fadeEffect\":{\"crossFade\":true},\"zoom\":\"\",\"navigation\":{\"nextEl\":\"#gutenslider-dfw702xqp .eedee-gutenslider-next\",\"prevEl\":\"#gutenslider-dfw702xqp .eedee-gutenslider-prev\"},\"pagination\":{\"type\":\"bullets\",\"clickable\":true,\"dynamicBullets\":false,\"el\":\"#gutenslider-dfw702xqp .eedee-gutenslider-pagination\"},\"pauseOnHover\":\"1\",\"watchSlidesProgress\":true,\"watchSlidesVisibility\":true,\"settingsMd\":{\"autoHeight\":\"\",\"slidesPerView\":1,\"slidesPerGroup\":1,\"spaceBetween\":0,\"loop\":true},\"settingsLg\":{\"autoHeight\":\"1\",\"slidesPerView\":1,\"slidesPerGroup\":1,\"spaceBetween\":0,\"loop\":true},\"hasLg\":false,\"hasLgCounter\":true,\"isFullScreen\":false,\"arrowsFollowMouse\":false,\"lgTitle\":\"none\",\"lgCaption\":\"none\",\"lgThumbnails\":true,\"lgZoomEnabled\":false,\"keyboard\":{\"keyboard\":{\"enabled\":true,\"onlyInViewport\":true}},\"hashNavigation\":false,\"dividers\":false}'><div class=\"swiper-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"swiper-slide wp-block-eedee-block-gutenslide is-position-center-center ed-bg-none\" style=\"--slide-min-width:80%;\" data-hash=\"\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div no-media-background\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div__overlay\" style=\"opacity:1;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group border is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized w-100\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-31\" style=\"width:1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg 996w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1-768x433.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group px-4 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading mt-0\">AERnet<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"mt-0 mb-4\">A visualization of co-occuring ideas present in the journal American Economic Review, from the years 1960-2010. Nodes are color-coded by decade in which the idea is most represented in the journal\u2019s text.AERnet<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"swiper-slide wp-block-eedee-block-gutenslide is-position-center-center ed-bg-none\" style=\"--slide-min-width:80%;\" data-hash=\"\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div no-media-background\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div__overlay\" style=\"opacity:1;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group border is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-image-slider-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-29\" style=\"width:1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-image-slider-2.jpg 996w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-image-slider-2-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-image-slider-2-768x433.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group px-4 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading mt-0\"><strong>Oroville Spooky<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>This visualization shows a retweet network of accounts tweeting on the hashtag #orovilledamn during the 2017 flooding of the Feather River near Oroville, California.&nbsp; Accounts are color-coded red or blue to signal conservative or liberal political leanings, and the highlighted portion shows the influence of Russian state media on a key part of the online conversation.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"swiper-slide wp-block-eedee-block-gutenslide is-position-center-center ed-bg-none\" style=\"--slide-min-width:80%;\" data-hash=\"\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div no-media-background\"><div class=\"eedee-background-div__overlay\" style=\"opacity:1;\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"slide-content\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group border is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"996\" height=\"562\" src=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-imageslider-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-32\" style=\"width:1920px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-imageslider-3.jpg 996w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-imageslider-3-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-home-imageslider-3-768x433.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 996px) 100vw, 996px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group px-4 is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Role of Twitter in the Occupy Protests<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Three Twitter streams related to Occupy Wall Street showing volumes and spikes in response to event impacts. This graph reveals a longer-term adaptive response from the crowd: the growth over time (steadily since October, and more rapidly after January 2012) of links to Occupy organizations, suggesting a refocusing of organization around Occupy websites. This figure is from \u201cA Model of Crowd-Enabled Organization: Theory and Methods for Understanding the Role of Twitter in the Occupy Protests\u201d.<br><a href=\"https:\/\/ijoc.org\/index.php\/ijoc\/article\/view\/2068\">https:\/\/ijoc.org\/index.php\/ijoc\/article\/view\/2068<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><button class=\"eedee-gutenslider-nav eedee-gutenslider-prev\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\"><circle class=\"bg\" cx=\"13\" cy=\"12\" r=\"11\" \/><path fill=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\"\/><path class=\"arrow\" d=\"M10.828 12l4.95 4.95-1.414 1.414L8 12l6.364-6.364 1.414 1.414z\"\/><\/svg><\/button><button class=\"eedee-gutenslider-nav eedee-gutenslider-next\"><svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" width=\"24\" height=\"24\"><circle class=\"bg\" cx=\"11\" cy=\"12\" r=\"11\" \/><path fill=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h24v24H0z\"\/><path class=\"arrow\" d=\"M13.172 12l-4.95-4.95 1.414-1.414L16 12l-6.364 6.364-1.414-1.414z\"\/><\/svg><\/button><div class=\"eedee-gutenslider-pagination\"><\/div><div class=\"gutenslider-divider-bottom \" style=\"color:#fff;\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-26","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"uds_featured_image":null,"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Home - Information Competition Lab<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How information is spread in our society both through human communications and through the complex interactions of intelligent systems.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Home - Information Competition Lab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How information is spread in our society both through human communications and through the complex interactions of intelligent systems.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Information Competition Lab\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-05-22T19:47:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/globalfutures.asu.edu\/icl\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/12\/2023\/07\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/\",\"name\":\"Home - Information Competition Lab\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/12\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-07-06T22:42:21+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-05-22T19:47:52+00:00\",\"description\":\"How information is spread in our society both through human communications and through the complex interactions of intelligent systems.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/12\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/globalfutures.asu.edu\\\/icl\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/12\\\/2023\\\/07\\\/ICL-Home-Imageslider-1.jpg\",\"width\":996,\"height\":562,\"caption\":\"A visualization of co-occuring ideas present in the journal, American Economic Review, from the years 1960-2010. 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